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Claiming a child as a dependent for federal tax purposes offers the taxpayer a number of tax related benefits. Along with being able to claim an exemption for the child, the taxpayer may also be able to take advantage of the Child and Dependent Care Credit and the Earned Income Credit, further reducing a taxpayer’s federal income tax obligation. In order to claim a child as a dependent, there are five basic tests that must be passed first. Those tests are the relationship, residency, support, joint return, and age test.
According to the age test, a child must be under the age of 19 at the end of the tax year in which a taxpayer plans to claim the child. In addition, the child must be younger than the taxpayer or the taxpayer’s spouse if filing jointly. If, however, the child is a full-time student, the age limit is raised. In that case, the child must be under the age of 24 at the end of the tax year and younger than the taxpayer, or the taxpayer’s spouse if filing jointly.
The age test does not apply if the child is permanently and totally disabled at any time during the tax year in question. In that case, there is no age limit
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